Botanical Name: Cyamopsis tetragonoloba

Types of Plant: Herbaceous annual

Part of the Plant used: Pods (seed pods)

Description: Cluster Beans, scientifically known as Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, belong to the Fabaceae family and are native to India. Also known as guar beans or guar pods, cluster beans are cultivated for their tender, elongated pods, which are harvested and consumed as a vegetable. The pods typically grow in clusters along the stems of the plant and have a unique appearance, with four angled edges and a slightly ridged surface. Cluster beans are valued for their crisp texture, mild flavour, and nutritional benefits.

Benefits:

• Culinary Uses: Cluster beans are a versatile vegetable used in various culinary preparations, particularly in Indian cuisine. They can be cooked in curries, stir-fries, soups, and stews or blanched and added to salads and side dishes. Cluster beans pair well with spices and seasonings such as cumin, coriander, turmeric, and mustard seeds, enhancing their flavour and aroma.
• Nutritional Value: Cluster beans are low in calories and rich in dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals. They are a good source of protein, iron, calcium, and phosphorus, as well as vitamins A, C, and K. Consuming cluster beans may contribute to digestive health, bone health, and overall well-being.
• Health Benefits: Cluster beans contain bioactive compounds like flavonoids and polyphenols, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Regular consumption of cluster beans may help reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. Additionally, the fiber content helps promote satiety and may aid in weight management.

Cultivation:

Growing Conditions:

• Sunlight: Cluster bean plants thrive in full sunlight and require at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth and pod production.
• Soil: Well-draining, fertile soil with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.5 is ideal for cluster bean cultivation. Sandy loam or loamy soil enriched with organic matter promotes healthy root development and pod formation.
• Water: Keep the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged. Water cluster bean plants regularly, especially during hot, dry periods, to prevent stress and ensure proper pod development. Mulching around the plants helps retain soil moisture and suppress weed growth.
• Climate: Cluster beans prefer warm temperatures between 70°F to 95°F (21°C to 35°C) and are sensitive to frost. They are commonly grown as annuals in tropical and subtropical regions with a long growing season.

Harvesting and Storage of Cluster Beans:

• Harvest cluster beans when they are young and tender, typically 3 to 4 inches in length, to ensure optimal flavour and texture. Use pruning shears or a sharp knife to cut the pods from the plant, leaving a short stem attached.
• Check cluster bean plants regularly for ripe pods, as they can become tough and fibrous if left on the plant for too long.
• Store freshly harvested cluster beans in the refrigerator for up to one week. To maintain freshness, wrap them in a paper towel and place them in a perforated plastic bag to prevent moisture loss.
• Alternatively, cluster beans can be blanched and frozen for long-term storage, preserving their flavour and nutritional content for future use.